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Cervical IncompetenceCervical Incompetence (CI) is a condition in which the cervix of a pregnant woman begins to open (dilate) and thin (efface) before the pregnancy has reached term. "Incompetence" refers to the weakness of the muscle of the cervix, which can not be voluntar |
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Dysmenorrhea (Menorrhalgia)Dysmenorrhea, or painful menses, is one of the most common gynecological complaints in young women, thought to affect 50% of all menstruating women. Ten percent of women have severe enough symptoms to necessitate missing work, school or other responsibili |
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Ectopic PregnancyEctopic pregnancy (EP) (also called tubal pregnancy) occurs when a fertilized egg (ovum, embryo) implants at a site other than the endometrial lining of the uterus. The incidence of EP in 1992 was 108,000 or 19.7 per 1000 reported pregnancies. Four of out |
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EndometriosisEndometriosis is characterized by the presence of endometrial tissue (tissue that lines the uterus) outside of the uterine cavity (ectopic). The areas most commonly affected are the ovaries and fallopian tubes, however, "endometrial implants" have been fo |
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Female InfertilityThe most commonly used definition of infertility is the lack of pregnancy after 1 year of unprotected regular intercourse. Infertility affects 10-15% of all couples who are attempting to become pregnant |
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Gestational DiabetesGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a type of diabetes that develops during pregnancy and disappears following delivery of the baby. In GDM, the mother's body does not produce and use enough insulin to respond to glucose derived from food. This leads t |
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Hormone Replacement TherapyHormone replacement therapy (HRT) refers to the administration of exogenous (outside the body) estrogen (and sometimes progestin) to women who have experienced physiologic depletion of their natural estrogen because of menopause. Menopause, which is the p |
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Ovarian CystsCysts are sacs filled with fluid or semi-solid tissue that can develop in almost any part of the body. The ovaries, however are a particularly common location for the development of cysts in women. Most ovarian cysts are benign |
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Pelvic Inflammatory DiseasePelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) refers to infection of the uterus, fallopian tubes and other pelvic structures. It occurs when bacteria or other organisms ascend from the vagina or cervix to the upper genital tract |
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Placenta PreviaDuring the early part of pregnancy, the placenta is typically attached at the lower portion of the uterus (low-lying), however as pregnancy progresses and the uterus grows, the placenta usually migrates upward |
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